Ishoramari kuri aImashini itunganya plastikebiratandukanye cyane. Iva ku bihumbi mirongo kugeza kuri miliyoni nyinshi z'amadolari. Iri tandukaniro riterwa nubushobozi bwimashini, ikoranabuhanga ryarwo, nurwego rwimikorere. Isoko ryisi yose kumashini itunganya plastike yerekana iterambere ryinshi. Impuguke ziteganya ko iri soko rizagera kuri miliyari 5.65 USD muri 2030. Irateganya ko izamuka ry’umwaka rigera kuri 7%. Iri terambere ryerekana kwiyongera gukenewe. Ubwoko bwimashini zitandukanye, nka aGranulatorcyangwa anImashini yo gutera inshinge, bigira ingaruka zose. A.Imashini itera inshingecyangwa aImashini itunganya plastikeihagarariye kandi urwego rutandukanye rwishoramari.

Ibyingenzi

• Igiciro cya aimashini itunganya ibintuGuhindura byinshi. Biterwa nubunini bwayo, uko ikora, nuburyo ishobora gukora.
• Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kubiciro. Harimo ubwoko bwimashini, uko plastike ishobora gutunganya, kandi niba ikora yonyine.
• Ubuhanga bushya butuma imashini ziba nziza. Ibi birimo sisitemu yo gutondeka no gukaraba. Ibi birashobora gukora plastiki ikoreshwa neza ifite amafaranga menshi.
• Kugura imashini nishoramari. Ifasha ibidukikije kandi irashobora kubona amafaranga mugihe. Ni ukubera ko plastiki ikoreshwa neza irakenewe cyane.
• Guverinoma zitanga ubufasha. Batanga amafaranga cyangwa imisoro kubantu bashora imari mu gutunganya plastike. Ibi byoroshye gutangira.

Niki kigira ingaruka ku giciro cyimashini itunganya plastike?

Ibintu byinshi bigena igiciro cyimashini itunganya plastike. Gusobanukirwa nibi bintu bifasha abaguzi gufata ibyemezo byuzuye. Ubwoko bwimashini, ubushobozi bwarwo, nurwego rwimikorere byose bigira uruhare runini.

Ubwoko bw'imashini n'imikorere

Ubwoko bwa mashini itunganya plastike igira ingaruka itaziguye. Imashini zitandukanye zikora imirimo itandukanye. Kurugero,granulatorkumena plastike mo uduce duto. Extruder yashonga plastike ikora pellet nshya. Imashini ibumba inshinge ikora ibicuruzwa bishya biva muri plastiki ikoreshwa.

Imashini zigezweho zo gutunganya plastiki zisanzwe zigura hagati y $ 10,000 na 200.000. Ibisobanuro n'ubushobozi bwabo bitwara ibi biciro. Ibi birimo ubushobozi bwo gutunganya, urwego rwikora, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge.

Hano hari ibiciro bisanzwe byubwoko butandukanye bwimashini:

• Imashini zitunganya plastike zuzuye: Ibi birashobora kuva ku bihumbi mirongo kugeza kuri miriyoni Yuan kumurongo munini utanga umusaruro. Moderi ntoya ya desktop igura hafi ibihumbi icumi.
• Imashini zikoresha plastike zikoreshwa: Mubisanzwe bigwa hagati yibihumbi bike na ibihumbi icumi. Imashini ntoya ishobora kugura 2000-5,000. Hagati ya granulators ni 50.000-100.000.
• Imashini zikoreshwa mu gutunganya amashanyarazi: Ibi bihendutse cyane, mubisanzwe magana make kugeza ku bihumbi byinshi. Intoki ntoya isanzwe igura 500-2000.
• Imashini zitunganya plastike: Ntoyaimashini imweigura 10,000-30.000. Imashini nini ya twin-screw irashobora kuba 100.000-500.000 yuan cyangwa irenga.
• Imashini ibumba imashini itunganya ibintu: Imashini nto zigura 30.000-80,000. Hagati yimashini nini ni 100.000-300.000.
• Imashini ya Pyrolysis imashini itunganya ibintu: Ibi bisaba ishoramari ryinshi, akenshi birenga 500.000, kandi birashobora kugera kuri miliyoni icumi. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bigura miliyoni 500.000-200.
• Imashini zikoreshwa muri plastiki rusange: Imashini nto zigura 10,000-50.000. Imashini ziciriritse ni 50.000-150.000. Imirongo minini itanga umusaruro igura 150.000-500.000.
• Imashini yububiko bwa plastike: Imashini nto zigura 30.000-100.000. Imashini ziciriritse ni 100.000-300.000. Ibikoresho binini birashobora kuba miliyoni 300.000-1 cyangwa irenga.

Imashini ikora nayo igira ingaruka kubiciro rusange. Imashini zimwe zirwanira gutondeka ubwoko butandukanye bwa plastike. Ibi biganisha ku kwanduza nibikoresho byo hasi byongeye gukoreshwa. Ibi bigira ingaruka kumasoko yibikoresho. Imashini zubu ntizishobora gutunganya neza polymers. Ibi bisiga plastike zimwe zidasubirwaho. Kudashobora gukemura umwanda uva mubiryo cyangwa ibirango nabyo bihatira guta plastiki ikoreshwa neza. Ibi byongera imyanda kandi bigabanya umusaruro. Uburyo bumwe bwo gutunganya ibintu bukoresha imbaraga nyinshi. Ibi biganisha kumafaranga menshi yo gukora. Imashini nazo zifite igihe gito. Ifite ibiciro byingenzi byo kubungabunga no gusimbuza. Ibi bitera ikibazo cyamafaranga. Ubwoko bushya bwa plastike buragaragara, kandi imashini zihari ntizishobora kuzitunganya. Ibi bisaba kuzamura ibiciro cyangwa ibikoresho bishya.

Ariko, imashini zateye imbere zitanga inyungu. Gushora imari mubikoresho bigezweho bisaba imari shingiro yimbere. Ariko imashini zitanga ibikoresho bigurishwa byongeye gukoreshwa byinjiza amafaranga. Amafaranga yinjira asibanganya ibiciro byambere nibikorwa. Imashini zikora neza zigabanya gukenera umwanya wimyanda. Ibi bizigama amafaranga kumafaranga yo guta imyanda. Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga riganisha kuri sisitemu nziza. Ibi bigabanya ibiciro byo gukora mugihe runaka.

Ubushobozi bwo Gutunganya no Kwinjiza

Ingano ya plastike imashini irashobora gutunganya kumasaha nubushobozi bwayo cyangwa ibyinjira. Imashini zifite ubushobozi buhanitse zitwara amafaranga menshi. Imashini nto irashobora gutunganya ibiro 100 kumasaha. Imashini nini yinganda irashobora gutunganya toni nyinshi kumasaha. Kwinjira cyane bivuze ko imashini ikora ibintu byihuse. Ibi bisaba moteri nyinshi zikomeye, ibice binini, nubwubatsi bukomeye. Kubwibyo, ikigo gikeneye gutunganya umubyimba munini wa plastiki kizashora imari mumashini isubirwamo cyane.

Urwego rwa Automation muri Plastike yo gutunganya

Automation bivuga uburyo imashini ikora itabigizemo uruhare. Sisitemu yuzuye yuzuye igura imbere kuruta iy'intoki cyangwa igice cyikora. Ariko, automatike izana inyungu zigihe kirekire. Sisitemu yikora igabanya abakozi benshi. Bagabanya kandi amakosa yo gutunganya imyanda.

Kurugero, ikigo cya Emmet County Recycling cyakoresheje sisitemu ikoreshwa na AI. Ibi byabafashaga gukora abakozi bahamye. Bakoresheje abakozi bake, bahembwa menshi. Abahoze ari abakozi b'igihe gito babaye igihe cyose n'inyungu. Ikigo muri Californiya, ACI, tekinoroji yo gutangiza. Bageze ku kugabanuka kwa 59%. Basubije ishoramari ryabo mu mezi atatu. Kongera gukoresha robot bigira uruhare mu kuzigama igihe kirekire. Bagabanya amafaranga yumurimo kandi bagabanya amakosa yo gutunganya. Ibi bituma ishoramari ryambere rifite agaciro mugihe.

Ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya mu mashini zitunganya

Ubuhanga bushya bugira ingaruka cyane kubiciro no gukora neza byimashini ya Plastike. Udushya twateye imbere bituma imashini zikora neza. Bongera kandi igiciro cyabo.

Iterambere rigezweho mugutondekanya plastike harimo:

• Ubwenge bwa artificiel hamwe no kwiga imashini:
  • Sisitemu ya Vision Sisitemu: Izi sisitemu zikoresha kamera-nini cyane ya kamera na algorithm. Basesengura ibara, imiterere, hamwe nimiterere mugihe nyacyo. Imashini yiga imashini ihora itezimbere kumenyekana.
  • Kwiga Byimbitse Algorithms: Izi ni imiyoboro igoye. Batunganya amakuru yihuse. Bafata ibyemezo-bitandukanya. Bagera ku gutondekanya ibipimo byukuri hejuru ya 95%.
• Ikoranabuhanga rya Spectroscopic:
  • Spectroscopy Yegereye-Infrared (NIR): Ubu buryo budasenya bukoresha urumuri rwa infragre. Irerekana ubwoko butandukanye bwa plastike nka PET, HDPE, na PVC. Irabikora ishingiye kumikono yabo idasanzwe.
  • Kwerekana Hyperspectral: Ibi bihuza amashusho na spekitroscopi. Ikoresha amagana ya bande. Ibi bituma habaho isesengura rirambuye. Irerekana umwanda hamwe nuburyo butandukanye.
• Ibisubizo bya Robo:
  • Intwaro za AI zikoreshwa na AI: Izi ntwaro zihuza ubukanishi bwuzuye no kumenyekana neza. Bitondekanya ku muvuduko mwinshi. Bahuza nuburyo bushya bwo gupakira.
  • Ikoranabuhanga rya Smart Gripper: Iri koranabuhanga rikoresha sensor hamwe no kugenzura umuvuduko ukabije. Ikora ubunini nuburyo butandukanye buhoro ariko umutekano. Ikoresha ibitekerezo byubaka kugirango imenye ibintu bifatika.
• Isesengura ryamakuru hamwe nogutezimbere:
  • Sisitemu yo gukurikirana-igihe: Sisitemu zitanga ibitekerezo bihoraho. Berekana gutondekanya imikorere nibikorwa neza. Basesengura amakuru aturuka kuri sensor nyinshi.
  • Guteganya Guteganya: Isesengura amakuru yimikorere. Ihanura ibizashoboka. Ibi bigabanya igihe cyo hasi. Ikomeza gutondeka neza.

Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rigezweho mumashini imesa plastike harimo:

• Udushya twa none:
  • Sisitemu yo gukaraba cyane: Sisitemu igabanya amazi ningufu.
  • Ibikoresho byumye byuzuye: Ibi bice bigabanya igihe cyo gutunganya no guta.
  • Gutondekanya byikora: Ibi bitandukanya umwanda mugihe cyo gukaraba.
  • Gukurikirana Ubwenge: Ibi bifashisha AI mugutezimbere isuku no kugabanya imyanda.
• Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza:
  • Sisitemu y'amazi afunze-Loop: Izi sisitemu zongera gukoresha no gukoresha amazi yo gukaraba.
  • Kwishyira hamwe kwa AI: Ibi bituma habaho kugenzura-igihe no gutezimbere uburyo bwo gukaraba.
  • Ibishushanyo mbonera: Ibishushanyo byemerera gupima guhuza ibikoresho bito kandi binini.

Tekinoroji yo gutunganya imiti muri rusange ihenze kuruta gutunganya imashini. Itandukaniro ryibiciro rirasobanutse murwego rwubu rwiterambere ryimiti.

Inganda nicyamamare

Uruganda nicyamamare nabyo bigira ingaruka kubiciro byimashini itunganya plastike. Ibirangantego bizwi bikunze kwishyuza byinshi. Bafite izina ryo kwizerwa no kuramba. Ibirangantego bitamenyekana mubisanzwe bigurisha ibikoresho byabo kubiciro biri hasi.

Abakora inganda zikomeye nka Caterpillar, John Deere, Komatsu, na Volvo mubusanzwe bafite ibiciro biri hejuru. Bafite izina rikomeye kubwiza, kuramba, no gufasha abakiriya. Ibirango byashyizweho bitanga ubwizerwe buhebuje, tekinoroji igezweho, na serivisi nziza nyuma yo kugurisha. Ibi bigira uruhare mubiciro byabo byo hejuru. Ibirango byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bishyiraho ibiciro biri hejuru kuko bitanga amasoko meza. Abakiriya muri aya masoko bashira imbere imikorere nigihe kirekire cyo kwizerwa. Kurugero, imashini ya Caterpillar irashobora kugura ibirenze ikirango kitazwi cyane hamwe nibintu bisa. Ibi biterwa ahanini na Caterpillar izwi cyane. Iremeza inkunga yigihe kirekire nigiciro cyiza cyo kugurisha.

Ishoramari ryambere ritandukanye nagaciro kigihe kirekire cyimashini itunganya plastike

Igiciro cyambere cyo kugura aimashini itunganya ibintuni igice kimwe gusa cyigiciro cyose. Abashoramari bagomba kandi gutekereza kubikorwa byigihe kirekire byakazi nibikorwa byinjira. Izi ngingo zigena agaciro nyako k'ishoramari.

Ikiguzi cyo Gukora no Gukoresha Ingufu

Ibiciro byo gukora bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubwinyungu ndende yibikorwa bya plastike. Gukoresha ingufu nigice kinini cyibiciro. Ibikoresho bigezweho biranga uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura no kugenzura ubushyuhe. Ibi biganisha ku gushyushya no gukonjesha neza. Izi nziga zitakaza ingufu nke. Ibikoresho bishya bikoresha sisitemu yo gushyushya no gukonjesha. Ibi bigabanya gukoresha ingufu hamwe na buri cyiciro cyumusaruro. Sisitemu yo gufunga-gufunga sisitemu yongeye gukoresha amazi. Ibi bigabanya cyane gukoresha amazi kandi byongera ingufu.

Ibimera bigezweho byo gutunganya amashanyarazi birimo sisitemu ikoresha ingufu. Sisitemu igabanya ibiciro byakazi kandi ikaninjiza byinshi. Ibice bikoresha ingufu hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya bigira uruhare mukiguzi cyibikorwa. Batezimbere kandi inyungu ku ishoramari. Sisitemu ikora neza ikoresha ingufu zigabanya cyane gukoresha ingufu. Ikomeza ubushobozi bwo gutunganya cyane. Imiyoborere yububasha bwubwenge irahita ihindura imikoreshereze yingufu. Ibi bigabanya imyanda ishingiye ku mutwaro wo gutunganya. Disiki nshya igarura imbaraga muburyo bwo gufata feri. Bongeye kubisubiza mubikorwa. Sisitemu igezweho yo gucunga neza uburyo bwo gushyushya no gukonjesha. Ibi bigabanya ingufu zisabwa. Imiyoboro ihindagurika yumurongo itanga ingufu zikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye. Isesengura rirambuye ryibicuruzwa biva muri sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu bituma habaho kunoza imikorere. Ubu buryo bwuzuye mubusanzwe butera 30-40% gukoresha ingufu nke ugereranije na sisitemu zisanzwe.

Kubungabunga no Gusiga Ibice byo Gusubiramo Ibikoresho

Kubungabunga imashini itunganya plastike bisaba ishoramari rihoraho. Ibi birimo serivisi zisanzwe no gusimbuza ibice byambarwa. Ibarura ryambere ryibikoresho bishobora kugura hagati y $ 15,000 na $ 60.000. Ibice byo gusimbuza bisanzwe bigura $ 0.008 kugeza $ 0.015 kuri kilo yatunganijwe buri mwaka. Kwambara ibice, nka blade, ecran, na kashe, mubisanzwe ntibisanzwe muri garanti zisanzwe. Ubucuruzi bugomba kubika ibarura rihagije ryibintu byingenzi byambara hamwe nibice byabitswe. Ibi birimo ibyuma bisohora ibyuma, ecran, na moteri.

Kugera kubice byizewe byingirakamaro hamwe ninkunga ya serivisi ni ngombwa. Ifasha kugumana imikorere yimashini. Gukoresha ibice byukuri hamwe nabatekinisiye ba serivise bemewe byemeza ko imashini ikora neza. Ikomeza kandi ubwishingizi. Ibice bya nyuma bishobora kugaragara ko bihendutse mbere. Ariko, akenshi biganisha kubiciro byinshi. Ibi bibaho binyuze kugabanya imikorere, kwiyongera kwambara, hamwe nibishobora kwangirika kubindi bice.

Amafaranga ashobora kwinjiza avuye mu bikoresho byongeye gukoreshwa

Imashini itunganya plastike yinjiza amafaranga mugutanga ibikoresho bigurishwa. Agaciro k'isoko ry'ibi bikoresho biterwa n'impamvu nyinshi, cyane cyane ubuziranenge.

Kwanduza bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku gaciro ka plastiki yongeye gukoreshwa. Igipimo cyanduye kiri munsi ya 5% kirashobora kugabanya cyane agaciro ka bale ya plastiki yatunganijwe neza 40% kugeza 60%. Irashobora no gutuma idakoreshwa kubiciro byingirakamaro. Ubuhanga buhanitse bwo gutondekanya, nka NIR sorters, burashobora kuzamura igipimo cyubwiza bwimigezi ya plastike kuva mubisanzwe 85% ikagera kuri 98%. Uku kwiyongera gukomeye kurashobora kuzamura agaciro k'ibikoresho 30-50%. Ihindura pellet-isanzwe isanzwe ya pellet muri premium, akenshi ibyiciro-byibiribwa, ibicuruzwa. Ibi bifungura amasoko mashya. Gukaraba neza no kwanduza, nka sisitemu ishyushye-yoza, irashobora kongera igiciro cya flake ya rPET $ 100- $ 200 kuri toni. Flake ya rPET irashobora gutegeka igiciro kiri hejuru ya 15-20% kuruta kuvanga-amabara. Ibyiza byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ibiryo byo mu bwoko bwa rPET bigurishwa $ 1,400 kugeza $ 1.900 kuri toni. Ibi akenshi bitanga inyungu zo guhatanira ugereranije nisugi PET.

Inkunga ya leta ninkunga yo gutunganya plastiki

Guverinoma ku isi yose zemera uruhare rukomeye rwo gutunganya plastiki. Bakunze gutanga infashanyo zitandukanye. Izi porogaramu zishishikariza ubucuruzi n’amakomine gushora imari mu bikorwa remezo. Inkunga nkiyi ifasha kugabanya ibiciro byambere byibikoresho nibikorwa. Bituma imishinga itunganyirizwa ikoreshwa neza.

Muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika, Itegeko ryibice bibiri CIRCLE ritanga ishimwe rikomeye. Iki gikorwa gitanga 30% yinguzanyo yimisoro yo gushora ibikorwa remezo. Iyi nguzanyo igamije kuvugurura sisitemu yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa. Irashimangira kandi iminyururu yo mu rugo. Igikorwa gishyigikira ubukungu bwabanyamerika muguhanga imirimo. Isubiza ibikoresho kumasoko yimbere. Iyi nguzanyo yimisoro izarangira mumyaka 10. Amakomine y’ibanze ashora imari mu kugabanya imyanda azahabwa inyungu itaziguye. Itegeko CIRCLE rishishikariza ishoramari mu bukungu bw’imbere mu gihugu. Ihemba ubucuruzi nabaturage. Bashora imari mubikorwa remezo byabanyamerika. Ibi byihutisha ishoramari. Igabanya kandi umutwaro w'amafaranga kuri guverinoma.

Izi gahunda za leta zifite uruhare runini. Bagabanya inzitizi zamafaranga kubikorwa bishya no kwagura ibikorwa byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa. Bafasha kuzamura ubukungu muri rusange bwo gutunganya plastiki. Iyi nkunga itanga ejo hazaza heza. Iragira kandi uruhare mu bukungu buzenguruka.

Umunzani w'ishoramari kumashini itunganya plastike

Ishoramari risabwa kuri Machine Recycling Machine riratandukanye cyane. Biterwa nubunini bwibikorwa. Ubucuruzi bushobora guhitamo muri sisitemu ntoya, iringaniye, cyangwa nini-nini. Buri gipimo cyujuje ibyifuzo bitandukanye na bije.

Imashini nto-nini ya plastike yo gutunganya

Imashini ntoya ya plastike itunganyanibyiza kubikorwa byabaturage cyangwa gahunda yicyitegererezo. Sisitemu zitanga igiciro gito cyo kwinjira. Ikigereranyo gishyira ibikoresho by'ibikoresho bito bito bitunganyirizwa mu nganda bito hagati ya $ 50.000 na 200.000. Izi mashini mubisanzwe zitunganya ubunini buto bwa plastiki. Bafasha ibikorwa byaho gucunga imyanda. Bakora kandi ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa kugirango bikoreshe aho.

Ibice biciriritse bingana ninganda

Urwego ruciriritse rugizwe ninganda zitunganya amashanyarazi zitanga imishinga myinshi. Izi nganda ziciriritse zisanzwe zitunganya ibintu byinshi. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo gusohora buri hagati ya 300 na 800 kg / saha. Inganda nyinshi zikoresha ibice.

• Abakora plastike hamwe nababumba bongera gutunganya imyanda yo munzu. Ibi birimo amasoko, ibice bifite inenge, cyangwa gutemagura. Bagabanya ibiciro nibikoresho.
• Ibigo bitunganya ibicuruzwa bihindura imyanda ya nyuma yumuguzi. Ibi birimo amacupa, imifuka, na firime zo gupakira. Babihindura resin pellet kugirango bigurishwe kubabikora. Iyi pellet ihinduka ibiryo byibicuruzwa bishya. Ingero zirimo amacupa, ibikoresho, ibiti bya pulasitike, imiyoboro, hamwe nudusimba twimyenda.
• Guteranya hamwe niterambere ryibigo bivanga plastiki yongeye gukoreshwa ninyongeramusaruro. Bakora ibikoresho bifite imitungo yihariye yinganda. Harimo ibice byimodoka nibikoresho byubwubatsi.
  Imashini ya plastikeni ibice byingenzi bigize ibi bice. Bashyigikira gutunganya, gutunganya, no kubyaza umusaruro inganda nyinshi:
• Gutera inshinge ibihingwa byongera gukoresha amasoko, abiruka, nibice bifite inenge.
• Gukubita ibice byububiko byongera gutunganya amacupa, ingoma, nibikoresho byuzuye.
• Ibice bya Extrusion bigarura ibishushanyo hamwe na profili cyangwa impapuro.
• Ibikoresho bya plastiki dana bitanga granules zo gutobora.
• Ibiti bitunganya plastiki bihindura plastiki nyuma yumuguzi mubikoresho byibanze.
• Inganda zipakira zisubiramo ibisigazwa bya firime, gupfunyika ibintu, hamwe n imyanda.

Ibikoresho binini byo gutunganya inganda

Ibikoresho binini byo gutunganya inganda bisaba inganda zikomeye. Ibi bikoresho bitwara imyanda myinshi. Amafaranga yakoreshejwe (CAPEX) mugushinga ikigo nk'iki arashobora kuva kuri miliyoni 5 z'amadolari kubito bito, shingiro kugeza kuri miliyoni zisaga 30 z'amadolari y'uruganda runini, rukora cyane. Ishoramari ryambere rikubiyemo ibintu byinshi byingenzi:

• Kubona ubutaka
• Imashini
• Ibikorwa Remezo
  Ibikoresho byihariye, nka optique ya optique na balers, mubisanzwe bingana na 60-70% yishoramari ryambere. Ibiciro byose byumushinga birashobora kandi kuva kuri miliyoni 5 kugeza kuri miliyoni 30. Igipimo n'ikoranabuhanga byakoreshejwe bigena igiciro cya nyuma.

Sobanukirwa ninyungu ku ishoramari ryimashini itunganya plastike

Gushora imari mubikorwa byo gutunganya plastike ntibirenze igiciro cyambere cyo kugura. Abashoramari bagomba kandi gutekereza ku nyungu ndende ninyungu zamafaranga. Izi ngingo zifasha kumenya agaciro nyako k'ishoramari.

Ingaruka ku bidukikije ninyungu zirambye

Gutunganya plastiki bitanga ibyiza byingenzi bidukikije. Igabanya gukenera ibikoresho bishya. Igabanya kandi gukoresha ingufu kandi igabanya umwanda. Gukoresha plastiki ikoreshwa neza bigabanya cyane ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.

Gukoresha plastiki yongeye gukoreshwa bivamo imyuka ihumanya ikirere inshuro 10 munsi yo gukoresha plastiki yisugi. Uku kugabanuka gukomeye bibaho kuko gutunganya plastike bisaba ingufu nke cyane. Biganisha byibuze 50% munsi ya karuboni ikirenge cya plastiki yongeye gukoreshwa.

Ku isi hose, abantu bakoze toni zisaga miliyoni 9200 za metero (Mt) ya plastiki. Igice kinini, 6900 Mt, ntabwo cyongeye gukoreshwa. Yirundanyije mu myanda cyangwa ikwirakwira mu bidukikije. Ibi byerekana amahirwe menshi yubukungu yabuze kandi bitera kwangiza ibidukikije. Gusubiramo bitanga uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo cyimyanda ya plastike igenda yiyongera kwisi. Itanga ubundi buryo bwo kumena imyanda, ifite umwanya muto hamwe ningaruka zo kumena imiti yuburozi. Itanga kandi ubundi buryo bwo gutwika imyanda-yingufu, ishobora kurekura imiti na gaze byangiza. Kwakira plastiki ikoreshwa neza birashobora kubyara inyungu nyinshi. Izi nyungu zishobora kugera kuri miliyari 60 USD muri 2030 mu rwego rwa peteroli na plastike.

Igihe cyubukungu nigihe cyo kwishyura

Gusuzuma ubushobozi bwubukungu bwumushinga utunganya plastike bikubiyemo kureba ibipimo byimari byinshi. Ibipimo bifasha kumenya niba ishoramari rizunguka.

• Kuzana Ibiciro: Abashoramari bakoresha ibiciro kugirango basesengure igiciro cy’imyanda itumizwa mu mahanga.
• Gusubiramo ibiciro: Ibi birimo ibice byinshi:
  • Umurimo: Kubara mugwiza imbaraga zinjiza mumirimo yinjiza buri saha.
  • Amashanyarazi: Bikomoka no kugwiza amashanyarazi kuri buri gice kubiciro byamashanyarazi yinganda.
  • Gukodesha: Ukurikije agace gakenewe mugutunganya ikiro cya kilo yimyanda ya plastike, igwizwa nubukode bwinganda buri mwaka.
• Agaciro ka plastiki yongeye gukoreshwa (Igiciro cyibicuruzwa): Igiciro cyibice bya plastiki yongeye gukoreshwa bigena agaciro. Akenshi igereranya na plastiki yibanze.
• Igihombo cyumubiri mugihe cyo gutunganya imashini: Ibi ntabwo ari ibipimo byubukungu. Ariko, bigira ingaruka cyane kumubare wibicuruzwa bigurishwa. Ibi bigira ingaruka kumafaranga no muri rusange imbaraga zamafaranga.
• Igipimo gisabwa cyo gusubiramo ibicuruzwa (RRR): Ibi bisobanura ihungabana ry'ubukungu-ndetse n'ingingo. Kuri ubu, amafaranga ava mu gutunganya ibicuruzwa ahura n’ibiciro byose (gutumiza mu mahanga no gutunganya ibicuruzwa).

Impuzandengo yo kwishyura mugihe giciriritse giciriritse gisubiramo imashini ishoramari, byumwiharikoIbikoresho bya HDPE, mubisanzwe kuva kumezi 18 kugeza 36. Iki gihe kirashobora guhinduka ukurikije ibintu nkubunini bwibikorwa, igiciro cyibikoresho fatizo, nagaciro k’ibicuruzwa byanyuma byongeye gukoreshwa. Sisitemu nini yinganda akenshi igaruka byihuse. Bungukirwa nubukungu bwurwego.

Isoko ryamasoko ya plastiki yongeye gukoreshwa

Isoko rya plastiki ikoreshwa neza riratera imbere byihuse. Iri terambere ryerekana ko hakenewe ibisubizo birambye mu nganda nyinshi. Biteganijwe ko isoko rya plastiki ryakoreshejwe mu kongera umusaruro riva kuri miliyari 69.4 z'amadolari mu 2023 rikagera kuri miliyari 120 mu 2030. Ibi bigaragaza igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka (CAGR) cya 8.1%.

Mu 2023, isoko rya plastiki ryongeye gukoreshwa ryahawe agaciro ka miliyari 51.7 USD. Abahanga bateganya ko Ikigereranyo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka (CAGR) kingana na 9.5% kuva 2024 kugeza 2030. Polyethylene (PE) niyo yari iyobowe mbere. Yinjije hejuru ya 26% byinjira kwisi. Ibi biterwa ahanini nuburyo bukoreshwa mugupakira. Urwego rwo gupakira ubwabwo rufite 37% by'umugabane ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Ibi byabaye kubera kwiyongera kw'ibikoresho birambye mu biribwa n'ibinyobwa, kwita ku muntu ku giti cye, no gukoresha inganda.

Amabwiriza nintego zirambye zamasosiyete nabyo bitera icyifuzo cyibikoresho bya pulasitiki byongeye gukoreshwa.

• UwitekaUmuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (PPWR)itegeka ikoreshwa ryibirimo. Iteza imbere kandi ibishushanyo mbonera byo gusubiramo. Ibi byongera byimazeyo ibyifuzo byo murwego rwohejuru.
• Gahunda Yagutse Yumushinga (EPR) Gahundakora abaproducer bashinzwe amafaranga kubijyanye nububiko bwabo bwanyuma bwubuzima. PPWR ihuza amafaranga yo guhindura amafaranga ya EPR. Ibi bivuze ko ibigo byishyura amafaranga make kubintu byoroshye gutunganyirizwa hamwe nibindi bicuruzwa. Bishyura amafaranga menshi kubintu bigoye-gutunganya. Iyi 'eco-modulation' itanga inkunga itaziguye yo gukoresha ibikoresho bitunganijwe neza.
• Inkunga y'amafaranga n'ibihanobivuze ko ubucuruzi buhura nigiciro kinini cyo gukusanya niba ibicuruzwa byabo bipfunyitse bidashyizwe mubikorwa kugirango bisubirwemo. Abakoresha ibishushanyo birambye bungukirwa n'amafaranga make kandi bakagabanya ingaruka zo kugenzura. Kurugero, gukoresha icupa ryuzuye rya PET hamwe nibice 30% byongeye gukoreshwa birashobora gutuma ugabanyirizwa amafaranga. Amashanyarazi adasubirwamo ibintu byinshi atwara amafaranga menshi.

Aya mabwiriza aganisha ku mpinduka nyinshi muburyo ibigo bikora:

• Tanga Urunigi: Isosiyete igomba gushaka abatanga ibikoresho bishya byongeye gukoreshwa. Bashora kandi mubushakashatsi niterambere mugushushanya ibintu bishya.
• Kuvugurura ibicuruzwa: Imiterere yo gupakira idashobora kuzuza ibisabwa kugirango bisubirwemo bitarenze 2030 bizakurwaho. Ibi biganisha ku gusubira mu buryo bworoshye, ibikoresho bimwe.
• Ibiteganijwe ku Muguzi: Guhindura ibyifuzo byabaguzi kubipfunyika birambye bituma biba ingingo yingenzi yo kugurisha. Ibi bishishikariza ibigo kumenyera vuba. Bazamura ishusho yabo nkibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije.

Gushora imari muri Plastike Recycling Machine nicyemezo cyibikorwa byubucuruzi ubwo aribwo bwose. Umuntu agomba gutekereza neza ikiguzi cyambere cyo kugura, amafaranga akoreshwa mubikorwa, hamwe ninjiza ishobora guturuka kubikoresho bitunganijwe neza. Iri suzuma ryuzuye ryerekana agaciro nyako. 'Igiciro' ntabwo ari ikiguzi gusa. Yerekana ishoramari rikomeye mu kubungabunga ibidukikije no kunguka igihe kirekire. Ibigo bihitamo gutekereza-imbere kugirango ejo hazaza heza.

Ibibazo

Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kugura imashini itunganya plastike?

Ishoramari ryimashini itunganya plastike iratandukanye cyane. Irashobora kuva ku bihumbi mirongo kugeza kuri miliyoni nyinshi z'amadolari. Ibi biterwa nubushobozi bwimashini, ikoranabuhanga, nurwego rwikora. Moderi ntoya ya desktop igura make, mugihe imirongo minini yinganda igura byinshi.